Joseph Eddy Family

1. Joseph Eddy. The date and place of his birth is unclear and is a question which has plagued family researchers for years. There are different theories:

Theory 1:

A family history written by Joseph Eddy's great-great-great grandson, A. Marshall Eyanson (see Eyanson Family, #59i), Glendale, CA some years ago says that Joseph "came from a manufacturing town in England called France."

There is a town in Devonshire, England named France, and the IGI shows the following family in France: Parents: John and Elizth (sic) Eddy. Children, all born in West Putford: (1) John, chr. 25 Aug 1702; (2) Giles Eddy, chr. 14 Feb 1704; (3) Joseph Eddy chr. 5 Jan 1707; (4) Robert Eddy, chr. 26 Jun 1711; (5) Hugh Eddy, chr. 23 Jan 1717; (6) Mary Eddy, chr. 3 Feb 1722.

It is unknown whether the above person is the same Joseph Eddy; no information has yet been developed whether that Joseph immigrated to America or died in England.

No record of a Joseph Eddy has been found in England with the phonetically similar names of "Frants" and "Franche."

Theory 2:

The 1980 Supplement to the Eddy Family Association's book, under "Latecomers," (LDS Film #28974) references a book written in 1965 by John William Edie of Missouri entitled an Edie Genealogy, and published by the R. Wallace Pischel Printing Company of Marceline, MO.

Among other families, it traced the lines of several brothers who came to America around 1700. It was apparently a family tradition that three, or possibly up to five, brothers came to America with their families from Ireland, or Scotland, and settled in the York-Gettysburg area of Pennsylvania.

Their point of origin may be Scotland, with at least two of them moving to Ireland and then to America.

The known Edie brothers were David, Samuel and John. Shortly after 1730, John moved from Woodbridge, NJ to the York-Gettysburg area where his brothers were by then living. The 1965 Edie book lists a Joseph Edie as either a "4th brother or close relative" who settled in Chester County, PA.

Reference to a map shows that Woodbridge, NJ is about 35 miles overland to Trenton lying on the Delaware River, and then an easy boat trip down to Chester County lying adjacent to Philadelphia. One could also make the entire trip from Woodbridge to Chester County by boat; down the NJ coast, around Cape Map, up Delaware Bay, and into the Delaware River. To get to the York, PA area, one can traverse the narrow neck of land between Salem, NJ and Cecil County, MD and then go up the Susquehanna River.

Elsewhere in the 1965 Edie book, the author seems a little less certain of the relationship. On page 11 he says: "There was a JOSEPH EDIE who settled in Chester Co., PA, not far from York at this time (1700-1725). He lived and died in Chester Co., PA. Even though there is no proof of genealogical connection (with the group from Ireland), all logical reason would classify this JOSEPH EDIE as a brother of Samuel Sr., David Sr., and John Sr. (all of whom came from Ireland).

On pg. 17 he notes that "Edie is a diminutive form of ADAM, a surname of great antiquity in Scotland."

And on pg. 300: "JOSEPH EDIE, b. Ireland, d. 18 Apr 1770, Vicent (sic) Twp., Chester Co. PA; farmer; his name is spelled EDIE and EDDY. Indications from recordings of the name is that he accepted the spelling EDDY; m. MARY PHILLIPS Apr 2, 1737, 1st Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia (from records of Presbyterian Church; p. 157) JOSEPH must have been about 20-25 years of age when he arrived in America. He located in Chester Co., PA and remained there in his lifetime. There is evidence of close social relationships with the EDIES of the York, PA area. JOSEPH is a very common name in the EDIE family, especially in pioneer days. He was a Presbyterian. Administration papers of JOSEPH EDDY (EDIE) are on file in Chester Co., PA; Administration of Wills and Administations, Apr. 18, 1770, p. 368"

It continues: "There was a JOHN EDDY in Chester Co. in 1763. Archives, 3rd Series, v. 11, p. 209. There is reason to believe that this JOHN EDDY was a son of JOSEPH and was deceased previous to his father's death."

It related also: "WILLIAM EDDY (EDIE). In 1774 he held 50 acres, 2 horses, 2 cows, and 2 sheep -- PA Archives, 3rd Series, Vol. 11, pp. 92, 505 and 621."

In reading the foregoing, one has an impression that the author may only be stringing together information in public records without having independent evidence of his relationship to the Edies of York. On the other hand, his allusion to "evidence of close social relation with the EDIES of the York, PA area," seems to indicate that he had more evidence which he did not cite.

For more about John Edie of Woodbridge, NJ, see Appendix 1

Marriage

The name of Joseph Eddy's wife is not known for sure. She may be the above-mentioned Mary Phillips who married a Joseph Eddy on 2 Apr 1737 at the Presb. Church in Philadelphia, PA. (Joseph Eddy might be the same Joseph Eddy who witnessed the Will of John Hutton of Vincent Twp., Chester Co. on 10 Nov 1728. If he were over 21, that gives a birth date of prior to 1707.) No other person who could have been his wife has yet been identified. The problem is that if Mary Phillips is his wife, there is no known record of the birth of any children between 1737 and 1757 when his first known child, Anna, was born, although we know there was at least one other child, his son, William.

It seems likely that more children would have been born in the intervening 20 years.

One explanation might be that Mary Pbillips is not his wife. Another possibility might be that Joseph and his wife lived elsewhere and/or birth records have either been destroyed or not yet found.

Residence in Chester County

We know Joseph Eddy was in Vincent Twp., Chester County, at the time of the birth of his daughter, Anna Eddy.

A recently discovered pair of Sheriff's Sale Notices published in "The Pennsylvania Gazette on 22 Oct 1767 and 13 Oct 1768, and provided by Doreen's email of 21 Aug 2002, gives us useful information in determing the location of his land within Vincent township. The 1767 article relating to foreclosure of a neighbor's land tells us that the land, owned by Myrick Davis and George David, is:

"...260 acres, more or less, on which is erected Vincent Forge, on that never failing stream French Creek. [The Davis/David 260 acres is] bounded by lands of John Paul, Joseph Eddy and Conrad Schiemer..."

Correspondence with Wendy Mclean by email on 14-18 Oct 2002, establishes that Vincent Forge is quite likely located on Cook's Glenn Road, only about a tenth of a mile south of French Creek, on the USGS map at Map

The same correspondence with Wendy Mclean establishes that "Yellow Springs Baptist Cemetery," where Joseph Eddy is said to be buried, is quite likely the present day Vincent Baptist Cemetery which lies on Art School Road, between Horseshowtrail and Miller Road, about 3.2 miles south of Cooks Glenn Road and can be seen by dropping down 1 screen to the south of that map.

She relates that she has visited the cemetery but not find Joseph Eddy's headstone. She says:

"However, the oldest stones are illegible, so it is entirely possible that I just couldn't see his grave. There are also spaces where there clearly used to be stones and the stones are absent. The cemetary is old enough. I would not be at all surprised if the church has an inventory. It is now known as the Vincent Baptist Fellowship. The current church building was constructed in > the early 1800's, but the church was founded in the mid 1700's. They may have started at a different location, in which case there may be another graveyard."

A photo of the church, with the cemetery in the background, can be seen at Photo Gallery: Churches

The 1768 article relating to foreclosure of a neighbor's land tells us that the land, owned by Myrick Davis, is:

...40 acres, bounded by lands of John David, taylor, John Dodson, and Joseph Eddy..."

Both Vincent Forge and the cemetery lie about 15 miles ESE of Valley Forge where Washington spent the winter with his army; and Valley Forge is about half-way to Philadelphia.

To aid researchers, I have attached copies of some of my letters. They are contained in my Research Notes.

Known children:

     2     i.  William Eddy.
     3    ii.  Anna Eddy.

2. William Eddy. The date and place of William's birth is unclear. A family history prepared by A. Marshall Eyanson relates the following information about William Eddy: "(William) enlisted in the Revolution, was taken prisoner in New York, was discharged nearly starved and unable to walk, was taken back to the hospial where he died a martyr to the liberty we now enjoy."

If we assume he was at least 21 to enlist in 1776, that would place his birth date not later than 1755, and possibly earlier. Vincent Twp. records in Chester Co. show property taxes levided on the property of a William Eddy in 1767, 1768 and 1774. If the same William, he probably would have had to have been at least 21 years of age to own property; that would place his birth date not later than 1745. It would also dispel some of the difficulty presented by an apparent 1737 marriage by a Joseph Eddy and Mary Phillips. He might also be a brother to Joseph.

A search of Philadelphia probate records has located a 16 Jun 1776 Will written by a William Eddy, apparently aboard a warship at Philadelphia shortly after he enlisted. Unfortunately, it makes no mention of his family and gives everything to a "true and loving" female friend, Hannah Willson." We do not know William's date of death, but it might have been about December, 1776 or January, 1777. The Will was "Proved January (?) 22, 1777..."

There is a chance the 1776 Will was written by a different William Eddy; the PA IGI shows a William Eddy born to James Eddy (no wife named) and christened 24 Oct 1754 in Philadelphia. He would be about the right age, 22, to have made the 1776 Will. He would also be about the right age to have a daughter, Sarah, discussed below.

Although perhaps not the same person, there is another record of a William Eddy in Vincent Township, Chester County6. It is contained in a record from the Orphans Court in Philadelphia: "18 March 1794: Upon Petition of Sarah Eddy, Minor and under the age of 18 years Daughter of William Eddy late of Vincent Township, dec's for a Guardian, John Rinehard is admitted and appointed Guardian over the Person and Estate of said Sarah Eddy."

If Sarah Eddy was under 18 in March, 1794, she would have been born after March, 1776. There are various possible explanations:

First, she might be the daughter of the William Eddy who made the 1776 Will. Maybe they were married shortly after the Will was written. If so, who cared for young Sara between 1777 and 1794?

Second, she might be the daughter of a different William Eddy. If so, was she the daughter of the William Eddy paying taxes in 1766, 1768 and 1772?

Finally, who is John Rinehard? A close relative? Maternal grandfather? An in-law of William Eddy? Perhaps, armed with all these clues, more firm facts about William Eddy can be established.

3. Anna Eddy. Born in Sep. 1757 in Vincent, Twp., Chester Co., PA. Died 1836 in Lebanon, PA at the age of 79. Buried in the Catholic Demetery in Lebanon.

Apparently born a Baptist, she converted to Catholicism at the age of 26. (Register, St. Joseph Church, Philadelphia, pub. Am. Cath. Hist. Coc., v. 4, pg. 52)

Anna Married John Eyanson, Jr. For more about Anna and her husband, see the Eyanson Family, #2, John Eyanson Jr., at this website.

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Research Notes of 14 March 1997

Here is what we know, or think we know, so far.

JOSEPH EDDY lived in Vincent Township, Chester Co., PA; he died 18 Apr 1770 and is said to be buried at the nearby Yellow Springs Baptist Cemetery.

A 1965 book by John William Edie of Missouri traced the lines of several brothers who came to America around 1700. It was apparently a family tradition that 3, 4 or 5 brothers came to American with their families from Ireland or Scotland and settled nitially in the area of Woodbridge, NJ. According to the 1965 book, the known facts of the 3 identified brothers are as follows:

1. David Edie: Probably born in Scotland. Moved to Ireland as a very small boy. He is believed to have emigrated from Ireland around 1700 and settled in a Scotch-Irish community called "Manor of Maske," known first as "Marsh Creek Settlement," in the York-Gettysburg area. David died in 1754 at "a very elderly age" at Gettysburg, PA, and is buried in Evergreen Cem., Gettysburg. The name of his wife is not known. His children included:

	a.	Alexander Edie: No birth date is given, but is the oldest 
		of the 4 known children.

	b.	David Edie Jr.:  Probably born in the York-Gettysburg 
		area.  Died 1813.  Married Honour Edgington about 1793 and had: Joseph, 
		William, Lavina, Harriet, and John.

	c.	William Edie:  Born Jan, 1743 and died Jan. 18, 1820 
		near Stewartstown, PA.  Married Mary Stevens on Dec. 11, 1768.  Buried 
		in Old Round Hill Cem., Hopewell Twp., PA. I believe this is probably 
		your William Edie.

	d.	John Edie:  No additional information.

2. Samuel Edie: Probably born in Scotland as early as 1680. May have moved to Ireland. He is believed to have emigrated from Ireland and arrived in New York City sometime prior to 1720. He later settled at the same Scotch-Irish community called "Manor of Maske," known first as "Marsh Creek Settlement," in the York-Gettysburg area. Samuel died in 1755 at Gettysburg, PA, and is buried in Evergreen Cem., Gettysburg.

He married, in Ireland, Agness MacMichael, daughter of James MacMichael.

3. John Edie: He seems to have usually spelled his name EDDY and there is good reason to believe that he is the same person as JOHN EDDY of Woodbridge, N. J. (#11343 in the EDDY family book. If that is correct, he apparently came to America directly from Scotland before David and Samuel, possibly when his brothers moved from Scotland to Ireland.

John married Elizabeth Edwards on 31 Mar 1706 at Woodbridge, NJ. Shortly after 1730 (perhaps 1734), John moved from Woodbridge to the York-Gettysburg area where his brothers were by then living. John died in 1741 in Adams Co., PA.

Note: According to Janice Carper, John Eddy of Woodbridge, NJ was born probably about 1680, and died after 1734. The 1706 marriage was performed at Woodbridge by Samuel Hale, Justice of Peace, and Elizabeth Edwards was the daughter of James Edwards and his wife, ALISON NEELL OF STEVENSON OF THE PARISH OF HADDINGTON, SCOTLAND. The dates of her birth and death are not known.

Their son, your JOHN EDDY JR., who married HANNAH CROWELL, is new information not mentioned in the 1965 book.

John Eddy's name is variously spelled in the New Jersey Records. It occurs as EDDIE, EDIE, EDEY, EDDYE, ADIE, AIDE, ADDE and ADYE. The descendants have kept in general two spellings, EDDEY and EDDY.

The 1965 book also lists a JOSEPH EDIE as either a "4th brother or close relative" who settled in Chester Co., PA. That 4th person would almost certainly be my own ancestor, JOSEPH EDDY who died in 1770; I've done considerable research about the EDDY families of Chester Co., PA and there simply is no other JOSEPH EDIE/EDDY there in that time frame.

Efforts were made to locate John William Edie about his book, but he has either moved or died and he has not been located.

There is also an item of interest in the EDDY FAMILY ASSOCIATION'S 1980 Supplement to their EDDY book which, at page 322 under Latecomers", can be found the following material:

"(28974) Joseph Edie (or Eddy)(parentage unknown), b. in Ireland; d. Apr 18, 1770, in Vincent Twp., Chester Co. Pa.; m. Apr. 2, 1837, at Philadelphia, Mary Phillips.

"Joseph must have been 20-25 years of age when he arrived in America from Ireland. He located in Chester Co., Pa, and remained there his lifetime. He is believed to be a brother or close relative of the Edies of York Co....See Section 'Three Edie Brothers.'

"Child, prob. others: 28975 William Eddy .

"There are no other known descendants of Joseph Edie." (That statement, incidentally, is wrong because I am descended from ANNA EDDY who we know is JOSEPH'S daughter and WILLIAM'S sister.)

That information is highly interesting because it pulls together information which I had myself collected from different sources.

Now the problem we face is like the problem faced by a person, call him Joe, who tells something to John, who then tells it to William, who then tells it to Henry, etc. Eventually Joe is told the same thing by Terry. The problem is whether Joe is merely hearing the story he himself started, or whether the story is now coming from someone who learned of it from an entirely unrelated source.

Like Joe in the example above, several of us have related to others the information we have found. Now, when we see it in the EDDY Supplement, are we just seeing the same story we started circulating ourselves, or are we seeing independent confirmation of the facts we had found???

We may be hearing independent confirmation. The above item mentioned his son, WILLIAM, but did not mention his daughter, ANNA, from whom I have descended. Since we have consistently mentioned ANNA in the material we passed on to others, its omission here tends to satisfy me that the book is not just printing information my side of the family had developed; they seem to have obtained that information from somebody else who apparently had good information about JOSEPH EDDY and his wife, MARY PHILIPS.

That feeling is further supported by the reference to JOSEPH'S birth in Ireland; we had always been supposing that he was born either in England or in Wales and had not considered Ireland.

One can see some very interesting parallels between MARY PHILLIPS' husband, JOSEPH EDDY, and the 3 Edie brothers:

1. According to the EDIE book, her JOSEPH EDDY was born in Ireland and died in 1770. We don't know his age at death, but if he lived a normal life span he was probably born around 1700 more or less, and would be of the same general generation as the 3 Edie brothers (David, Samuel and John).

2. He is married in 1837 to Mary Phillips in Vincent TWP, Chester Co., PA about the same time that John Edie moved from Woodbridge, NJ to Pennsylvania. That coincidence suggests that maybe our JOSEPH EDDY also lived in or near Woodbridge, NJ and either moved to the Philadelphia area about the same time, or perhaps met MARY PHILLIPS while visiting his brothers.

3. If the JOSEPH EDDY who married MARY PHILLIPS is my ancestor in 1737, than there was a lapse of some 20 years before my ANNA EDDY was born, and we don't know where her brother, WILLIAM EDDY, was born. Might our JOSEPH and MARY PHILIPS have had a number of children, including WILLIAM, in or near Woodbridge? Or maybe in the York-Gettysburg area? Incidentally, that lapse of some 20 years had always made me a bit leery about whether MARY PHILIPS was, in fact, his wife. Or, to put it the other way, we had to consider the possibility that MARY PHILLIPS married a JOSEPH EDDY other than ours.

Janice Carper, mentioned above, also provided information to us that "it was discovered that a JOHN ADYE was in Burlington, NJ as early as 1682." It is not known if was the same person as, or maybe the father of, JOHN EDDY of Woodbridge, NJ.

Interestingly, Burlington, NJ is only about 15 miles from Philadelphia. That raises the possibility that the EDDY brothers immigrated through Philadelphia with JOSEPH going to Chester County and the other 3 brothers going to Woodbridge, NJ, and later moving back to the York-Gettysburg, PA area.

We don't know if it is the right place, but a map shows a town named STEVENSON on the coast of the Firth of Clyde. (Stevenson is the place from where JOHN'S wife, ELIZABETH EDWARDS, came) Stevenson lies so close to Ireland that an intermediate stop in Ireland would certainly be within the realm of possibility.

It occurs to me that JOHN EDDY and his brothers may also have been from Stevenson, or nearby, and that the EDDY and EDWARDS families may have been in the same immigration group.

I checked the IGI microfiche for Ayrshire Co., Scotland in which Stevenson is located. When I looked for EDDY, it said see ADAM (EDDY is a variation of the name, ADAM). I then looked at ADAM and found several hundred of them, of which maybe 20-40 were in Stevenson spread over a span of a couple hundred years.

There was no JOSEPH ADAM before 1861. I then checked the name of the 3 brothers: JOHN, SAMUEL and DAVID. I found appropriate listings in the late 1600s in Stevenson, but none of all three in Stevenson with the same set of parents. I didn't have time to try matching up sets of JOHN, SAMUEL and DAVID in other towns in Ayrshire County, but I don't know if it would have been profitable since there was no JOSEPH in the IGI for anywhere in Ayrshire County until 1861, almost 200 years too late.

Another of my correspondents is Mrs. Caroline Gable, RD 1, Box 1011, Stewartstown, PA 17377. She sent me a Xeroxed copy of a manuscript of roughly 100 pages entitled THE FAMILY HISTORY BOOK, EDIE FAMILY, A GENEALOGICAL RECORD COMPILED BY ROBERT W. PLUMMER. The book is a typed, draft form and does not bear the date on which it was prepared. Caroline relates that she:

"...cannot account for Robert Plummer's interest in the EDIE family. I have asked a couple of Plummers, who didn't know. He lived in West Springfield, VA and died perhaps 10 years ago. He had been incapacitated in some way in the war and had time on his hands as a result. Perhaps he researched for someone else?"

On the first page of the manuscript, we find the following:

"DAVID EDIE Sr., immigrant from Ireland, died in 1754 in Gettysburg, PA and is buried in Evergreen cemetery, Gettysburg, PA. He had reached a very elderly age at the time of his death. It is unknown to whom he was married. There is no information about his wife. It is presumed she came to America with the family. David was one of the original taxpayers in the "Manor of Maske," a strong Scotch-Irish settlement near Gettysburg.

His son, David, Jr., states his father was born in Scotland. This is possible and he might have been a very small boy when he migrated from Scotland to Ireland. It would mean, if the above statement is accurate, that the immigration date to Ireland was sometime around 1675."

Maddeningly, Plummer's manuscript says that he did not include in his manuscript any further information about these families since a "most complete detailed listing has been published in John William Edie's book, "The Edie Family and Associated Families."

Plummer refers, apparently, to the 1965 book by John William Edie of Missouri, the contents of which are discussed above. Unfortunately, despite what Plummer says, the 1965 JWE book is not as completely detailed as we would wish as it pertains to the facts of their birth and immigration to America. In fact, what the 1965 JWE book says on page ll is:

"There was a JOSEPH EDIE who settled in Chester Co., PA, not far from York at this time (1700-1725). He lived and died in Chester Co., PA. Even though there is no proof of genealogical connection (with the group from Ireland), all logical reason would classify this JOSEPH EDIE as a brother of SAMUEL SR., DAVID SR., and JOHN SR. (all of whom came from Ireland)."

On page 300 JWE tells us:

"There is evidence of close social relationships with the EDIES of the York, PA area."

JWE does not, however, tell us what that evidence is. I've been trying to locate JWE to get more information, but so far have been unable to find any mailing address for him.

Plummer's book then focuses solely on identifying the descendants of WILLIAM EDIE, one of the four sons of the immigrant DAVID EDIE SR.

It seems to me that one fruitful area for further investigation is Plummer's reference to DAVID EDIE SR. as being an original settlor in the "Manor of Maske," a strong Scotch-Irish settlement near Gettysburg. My research experience tells me that immigrant groups from a particular area sometimes cluster together in a new area. My immigrant DEWALD ancestors, for example, came from Losheim, Germany and settled in St. John, IN to which a number of other Losheim families had moved earlier. It may be helpful to learn more about the "Manor of Maske" settlement, and the places of origin of the other settlers since that information may provide additional clues.

Another avenue of investigation that needs to be pursued is to try to locate JOHN WILLIAM EDIE, the author of the 1965 book. His book does not contain a home address. I have determined that his publisher has gone out of business and the successor business has no idea how to contact his predecessors who published the book.

As mentioned above, John Eddy's name is variously spelled in the New Jersey Records. It occurs as EDDIE, EDIE, EDEY, EDDYE, ADIE, AIDE, ADDE and ADYE. The descendants have kept in general two spellings, EDDEY and EDDY. One additional tidbit of information I've received is as follows:

The earliest record found in NJ is in the Burlington (NJ) Court Records (See Stilwell's Miscellany, Vol. 11, p. 19) where JOHN ADYE and others signed a protest in regard to the retention of the vessel MARCY OF FLOWEY, Capt. Wm. Lugger master, which arrived Aug. 15, 1682, and could not unload because of William Pickering...

You will recall that I had mentioned earlier that there was a JOHN ADYE in Burlington, NJ as early as 1682; that JOHN ADYE is probably the one mentioned, above, who signed the protest. Edie's 1965 book said that the EDIE brothers immigrated about 1700. The 1682 date, above is 18 years before that 1700 date, but then maybe the 1700 date was a guess that could be badly off the mark.

Another clue worth following up on relates to the mother of ELIZABETH EDWARDS who married JOHN EDDY in Woodbridge, NJ. She is ALISON NEEL of Stevenson of the Parish of Haddington, Scotland. Henderson's material provides the following additional information about ALISON NEELL. Another of my correspondents, a Mr. Henderson, relates that it is known that ALISON NEELL in 1701 was living in Stevenson, Parish of Haddington, in the southeastern part of Scotland. Thus far (1930), none of these clues has led to anything of value, and they are mentioned here only that they may not be lost.

Henderson also provided an excerpt from the Will of JAMES EDWARDS, husband of ALISON NEELL, which was proved 25 Nov 1719:

On the 15th of Feb. 1700/1, Thomas Cesford gave a receipt to James Edwards of Freehold, NJ for money to be paid to ALISON NEELL of Stevenson, Parish of Haddington, wife of said Edwards. Haddington is a parish to the east and south of Edinboro, not very far distant from the English border.

There were ALISON families in Woodbridge and also in York Co. PA (to which JOHN later moved). Probably they were of Scottish origin.

Henderson's material also had one other tantalizing passage that might offer a clue about the 1737 Philadelphia marriage between JOSEPH EDDY and MARY PHILLIPS:

In 1734, JOHN ADIE, yeoman, of Woodbridge, NJ sold to Henry Moores, yeoman, 67 acres in Woodbridge... It is possible that after selling the land in 1734, the elder JOHN EDDY went further west to York Co., PA and is the JOHN EDDY who died there in 1751.

Now the following is pure conjecture, but one way to fit all the pieces together could be as follows:

JOHN ADYE of Burlington, NJ immigrated from Scotland about 1682 with his four sons: JOHN, SAMUEL, DAVID and JOSEPH.

The family later moved to Woodbridge, NJ where JOHN married ELIZABETH EDWARDS.

In 1734, the family sold their Woodbridge holdings and moved back to the Burlington/Philadelphia area where they were living in 1737. It was in that year that JOSEPH EDDY married MARY PHILLIPS.

The entire clan then moved to the York/Gettysburg area where they were all living in 1750. By that time, JOSEPH and MARY had children, all born in the York/Gettysburg area, one of whom was WILLIAM EDDY, born about 1740-45. (Vincent Township records show property taxes levied on the property of a WILLIAM EDDY in 1766, 1768 and 1774. If that is the same WILLIAM, he probably would have had to have been at least 21 years to own property in 1766; that would place his birth date not later than 1745. Note that there is no mention of a property tax levy in 1775, the year WILLIAM enlisted, and later. That would be consistent with his death in 1775.)

About 1750-57, JOSEPH, MARY and their family moved to Chester County, settling in Vincent Township. ANNA EDDY was born into the family in September, 1757.

When the Revolution began in 1775, WILLIAM enlisted. Taken prisoner in NY, he was discharged nearly starved and unable to walk. Taken back to the hospital, he died there.

JOSEPH EDDY died there in 1771.

Could it have happened that way? Yes. Can we prove it happened that way? No.

Another interesting bit of information from Caroline Gable: It related to the Marsh Creek settlement where the EDIE brothers LIVED: "As early as 1736, a goodly number of Scotch-Irish had settled here, upon the invitation of the Penns, to take up lands..."

Tying in nicely with that information is material the reference in Plummer's book that: In 1734, JOHN ADIE, yeoman, of Woodbridge, NJ sold to Henry Moores, yeoman, 67 acres in Woodbridge...

It is possible that after selling the land in 1734, the elder JOHN EDDY went further west to York Co., PA and is the JOHN EDDY who died there in 1751.

It may be that there were similar sales in Woodbridge about that time by the other brothers; they likely were not mentioned in the manuscript since it dealt only with the descendants of JOHN ADIE/EDDY.

Another bit of information: I've come across a reference to a WILLIAM EDIE in Hopewell Township, York County, PA who was there prior to 1770. That is an intriguing reference because my JOSEPH EDDY, of Chester County, had a son named WILLIAM who was probably born about 1740-45, but we've not been able to find out when or where. There seems not to be a birth record for WILLIAM in Chester County, and his first appearance seems to be in Vincent Twp. in Chester County on a property tax list in 1766.

It may be fruitful to try to locate a copy of the HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY to determine whether there were any other folks named EDIE/EDDY in Hopewell Township in that early period. I don't suppose we should be so lucky that there is a comprehensive name index to the book; most county histories do not. Preparing one would be a really good project for someone.

Any additional help viewers could provide about the EDDY/EDIE brothers would be gratefully received.

From http://www.eddyfamily.com/john_eddy_of_woodbridge.htm

Eddhisb.doc (July 1, 1998) This is active working document .

GARY E EDDEY 30 EDGEHILL AVE MORRISTOWN, NJ 07960 Summer 1998

Dear John of Woodbridge descendants:

In 1995 I sent a short document to you outlining some of the genealogical finds that I uncovered relating to John of Woodbridge, our direct ancestor. As I mentioned, at that time I was able to view the original handwritten will of John Eddy of Woodbridge. The will was located in the basement of the York County Court House in York, PA; It has now been removed to a new archives center in York, PA and is in the process of being preserved with the help of Mary Walters, the Archivist for the York County Archives Center. In 1996 I learned more about the Scots from whom John is probably descended and added that information in the 1996 edition of this document. I have begun to divide the communication into chapters in an attempt to render some organization to this document, and to encourage each of you to write a chapter concerning one, or more, of your favorite ancestors. As of this point only one of John of Woodbridge’s ancestors has added a chapter to the document!

CHAPTER 1: THE SCOTS COME TO WOODBRIDGE, NEW JERSEY

The legacy of John of Woodbridge is that his descendants play a quiet, yet meaningful role in the development of the United States from before the revolution until the present time period. Pioneers, farmers (yeoman), public servants, and service professionals are all part of his eventual legacy. More on this later, as I would like to concentrate on understanding who was this Scotsman who we refer to as "John Eddy of Woodbridge." Where did he come from and why did he move to Woodbridge, NJ.

We need to begin with some religious history. In England, the restoration of Charles II of the house of Stuart imposed harsh penalties upon religious groups having strong moral convictions. James I (VI) placed severe restrictions on the expression of Presbyterianism. As a consequence, many Scots rebelled against the royal dictates of worshipping in the Church of England, a dictate which they refused to accept. As a result, "the jails were jammed with stubborn Scots who would not worship as the king decreed". The prisoners could not be converted; in despair, the Stuarts decreed their deportation and the Scots were glad to go. These Scots left for both Ulster in Northern Ireland and the colonies across the Atlantic. Did John of Woodbridge come from Scotland directly or from Ireland? Most likely he came directly from Scotland as will be explored below.

The following story helps introduce the story of the Scots migration to New Jersey. In 1685 a man by the name of George Scott of Pitlocry financed the emigration of two hundred of these Scots who were Presbyterians with the understanding that they work for him in America long enough to repay the five pounds in English money which he advanced for each ones passage. He chartered Captain Richard Hutton’s 350 ton ship The Henry and Francis and filled it with ‘poor men who had gone to jail for conscience sake’. In Sept. 1685 they sailed from Leith, Scotland and landed in Perth Amboy, East New Jersey. Perth Amboy was, at the time, a very suitable harbor for vessels sailing in from England. Sailing down the southern edge of Long Island leads you to the very safe, sandy harbor of Perth Amboy at the mouth of the Raritan River. As the years went by many other ships came bringing more Scots to their new home in New Jersey. "Largely as a result of the Stuart persecution in Scotland, these Presbyterians swelled the rolls of early Woodbridge settlers as did a group of English Calvinists of Puritan stock."

It is not impossible to imagine the scene when the Scots unloaded from their vessels in Perth Amboy. If they were to be indentured servants they would be picked up by their owners and brought to their new home or farm. If they were on their own, most likely they would start their long journey, on foot, to Woodbridge, points northwest in NJ, or points south in Monmouth County such as around the Freehold area. Wildes recounts the following story of the immigrants aboard the The Henry and Francis in 1685, which may shed light on how these immigrants reached Woodbridge:

"These emigrants had a very rough journey. Many of them died of fever and starvation. An attempt was made by Captain Hutton to take the passengers to Jamaica and sell them as servants. Fortunately a strong wind guided the ship to the mouth of the Raritan River. The Scots considered it a miracle. However, upon landing some of the well established citizens along the coast were not very hospitable. Therefore may of the emigrants crossed the Raritan River into Monmouth County. Others trudged to the northwest. "Those who were luckier than the rest got to Woodbridge, where the residents, Scott reported, were most kind. Woodbridge not only forwarded food and clothing to emigrants walking to the village, but also sent horses on which sufferers might ride."

Perhaps in 1703, on one such ship, John of Woodbridge, came. Why 1703? This is a guess but in the Presbyterian church cemetery in Woodbridge there is a marker placed by the ancestors of one of the early settlers from Scotland. The marker states that this individual came to Woodbridge on a vessel in 1703 along with many other Scots. John of Woodbridge could very well come at this time from Scotland in a manner outlined above, with his ship unloading similarly in the bay of Perth Amboy near the mouth of the Raritan River. It would not be entirely unreasonable to assume that John, at this point, was an indentured servant having to work off his fare. And there is one other piece of evidence about 1703.

It is important to note that the earliest record that has been found which relates to John of Woodbridge is dated Mar. 28, 1703 when he appears together with Thomas Pike as a witness to the will of Thomas Gauge or Gach of Woodbridge. {Thomas Gachs’ granddaughter, Mary, will ultimately marry John’s eldest son, James.} The earliest record of John purchasing land is in 1709. Could he possibly have been an indentured servant of the Gach’s? Or as extraordinary as it may seem, perhaps he was he even raised by them. It is likely that he could have been an indentured servant for the Gach’s. Thomas Gach or his son Thomas Gach are called Esq. in some of the early documents about Woodbridge. The name Eddy and Gach do appear together in old documents relating to Woodbridge, NJ.

It is reasonable to assume that John of Woodbridge was an indentured servant of some family in Woodbridge. He clearly resides in Woodbridge for at least 6 years prior to owning any land. And later in the story when we learn about his younger brothers who leave Scotland for Ireland and then immigrate to Pennsylvania, we would have a good reason for them not coming directly to Woodbridge because they would have to be indentured servants if they did. By moving to Ireland and then Pennsylvania, they would not have to go this route.

So, John of Woodbridge sails from Scotland to Perth Amboy, NJ and somehow gets connected with other settlers in Woodbridge near the meadows and farmland of the Raritan River. From where in Scotland he sails or from where he came is unclear at this point. However he settles in Woodbridge, becomes intimately acquainted with Thomas Gach, marries Elizabeth Edwards in 1706, raises numerous children and buys land in Woodbridge at least as early as 1709. Some of his land borders the upper land of the Presbyterian church dedicated for the minister of said church. He probably attends the upper Presbyterian congregation located in what is now Metuchen. His oldest children are buried in that cemetery rather than the one in Woodbridge, the so-called lower congregation. Life as a yeoman or farmer may have been traditional in the Woodbridge area in the early 1700’s. He does also own a fair amount of marsh or meadow; perhaps this is where clay was found to make pots etc.

To jump ahead somewhat, it is not unreasonable to claim that the Scots’ impact on the colonies was dramatic. By the time of the American Revolution the Scots were the largest group of immigrants in East Jersey and several of John’s sons serve in the Revolutionary War. The impact of these Presbyterian Scots should not be underestimated as the following passage asserts: "Since at the time of that war, the British officials in America constantly complained that the uprising against the English rule was a Presbyterian plot, it is obvious that the Scottish arrivals must have contributed heavily to the movement for independence." Certainly the British officials thought the impact of the Scots was not insignificant. (Wildes)

CHAPTER 2: THE SCOTCH-IRISH ‘EDIES’ SETTLE IN MARSH CREEK, PA

Sometime after 1736, he decides to move to the Marsh Creek Settlement in what is now called Gettysburg, PA.

Back to our story. From the late 1600’s, large number of Scotch-Irish immigrants came to the US, settling mostly in PA but establishing settlements in NJ, as well as Del and Maryland. Because of the association with the Edie’s in Adams County, PA, it has been speculated that John of Woodbridge was related to the Edie brothers who migrated there in about 1736 from Ireland. (We also know that John’s mother in law’s family name Allison is frequently found in the Gettysburg region.)

In 1736, the Penns let it be know that they were encouraging "pioneers" to move to large tracts of land on the Pennsylvania frontier. One would not have to be an indentured servant to own your own land. The Penns, being Quakers, made it clear that they would tolerate different religious beliefs which was quite welcoming to the new, Presbyterian immigrants. Because John Eddy of Woodbridge sold much of his land in 1734 in Woodbridge, it is entirely reasonable to assume he moved to Cumberland or the Marsh Creek settlement which is west of York, PA at this time. This area will become known as the Manor of Maske settlement and ultimately, Gettysburg. As discussed below we have certain evidence that he was present in this area by at least as early as 1741. His brothers, according to John William Edie’s genealogy, moved to this area and John of Woodbridge joined them in the Pioneer spirit.

Now we should review what the term Scotch-Irish signifies. The term Scotch-Irish is slightly "ambiguous because it refers to a people who are mostly from the lowlands of Scotland, are not Irish, nor a people of mixed ancestry," but who emigrate from Ulster, Northern Ireland. The term refers to Presbyterians from the Scottish lowlands, who settled, in the northern province of Ireland, Ulster, during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. These Scots also settled directly in the colonies such as NJ as did John of Woodbridge. (To be complete, it should be noted that Highlanders also settled in the Irish province of Ulster). As is well known, England attempted to build a large empire that included Scotland and Ireland. Their purpose was to control the ‘economy’ by controlling the social, religious, and political lives of its subjects. The Scots who left Scotland for Ireland, hoped to escape both from the poor conditions at home and from the severe religious restrictions imposed by James I (VI) on their Presbyterianism. By 1640 some fifty thousand Scots had arrived in Ulster, Ireland most of them Presbyterian. Shortly after this early migration to Ireland in about 1685, many began leaving Scotland directly for the colonies but the greater number of Scots still moved to Ireland. However, in the second decade of the 1700’s the Scotch-Irish begin their exodus from Ireland to the Colonies. After 1750 few Scotch-Irish remained in northern Ireland.

Immigrants were actively being solicited for as the English needed yeoman to work the land. As a fundamental attraction the colonies were also allowing religious freedom. In 1679, the proprietor of East New Jersey, Sir George Carteret died. In his will he directed that East Jersey be sold and it was bought by William Penn and 11 others. Penn, a Quaker, may have been instrumental in getting Scotland’s Presbyterians to move to NJ. It is generally thought that a fresh impetus to settle NJ began at this time and it came primarily from Scottish immigrants.

On a recent trip to the Adams County Historical Society, Gettysburg, PA I was given a photocopy of one of John’s youngest sons, Samuel Edie’s (he changes his spelling from Eddy to Edie) survey, dated 1767, of his property in the Manor of Maske region just northeast of Gettysburg. We have to assume (see will below) that he lived on the land that his father owned. If this is true then the area of his 205 acre "plantation" as John refers to it in his will, is readily identified. At the present time it is bordered by a very small cemetery on the north , along with a suburban housing development to the west. A buffalo farm sits where most of the farm was located! The small pond that is shown on the survey remains as it was back then. The plantation is also very near a Presbyterian cemetery called Black’s (due to a large number of the descendants of the Reverend Black’s family) Cemetery, where two Edies, a John and a David and their wives are buried. None of the Edie or Eddy stones remain, but this is a likely burial spot for John of Woodbridge, and possibly, his first wife! There are two other Presbyterian cemeteries located near the plantation site. They are southwest of the site of the plantation, and could also have been the site of their burial but of course this is speculation. Their farm or plantation is situated near the middle of the Gettysburg battlefield. One can’t help to wonder what became of the farm after the battle. How many Eddy’s lost their lives fighting in this epic tragedy? Was their home ruined?

In September 1750, just prior to his death, John of Woodbridge completed his last will and testament. The exact date of his death and burial site are unknown but his death has to occur between Oct. 1750 and March 1751. We can learn a lot about the end of his life from this will including the obvious fact that he had a second wife. It was dictated to a justice of the peace and witnessed by two of his sons, John, Jr. and William. His son Samuel, who inherits the plantation and becomes a Justice of the Peace in Adams County, is listed in the will.

As you may know, William Simonson Eddy, the genealogist of the John Eddy of Woodbridge, NJ line, tried to prove that we were descended from William Eddye Vicar of Cranbrook, an Anglican. Although William Simonson Eddy mentions that he (John of Woodbridge) might be from Scotland, unfortunately, he overlooked some key hints that would have made it clear that John Eddy of Woodbridge was indeed from Scotland, not England. On the other hand, John William Edie, the genealogist of the Edie family, believed early on that John was from Scotland. He has written that he was certain that John Eddy's original name was Edie and that he was one of three or four (possibly five) brothers from Scotland who came to the colonies in the early 1700's. To support this contention, ironically, William Simonson Eddy discovered that in 1706 John Eddy of Woodbridge had his name spelled Edie on his wedding certificate (1930 Edition of the Eddy Family in America -EFA- book.) In 1750 in his will, the spelling Eddy is used by the Justice of the Peace who wrote the will. As will be discussed further, his children who remain in NJ continue to use the Eddy spelling,3 but his children who move with him to Gettysburg, PA and stay there, revert back to the original Scottish spelling, Edie.

As mentioned it is thought that John of Woodbridge came from Scotland around the turn of the century to the Woodbridge area where he met his first wife, Elizabeth Edwards. According to William S. Eddy, his wife, Elizabeth Edwards, was from the Parish of Haddington which lies due east of Edinburgh. Unfortunately, he does not reference where he obtained this information. It must be pointed out that the name Edwards is an English name not Scottish. It is possible that Elizabeth Edwards was from Freehold, NJ.

James, John of Woodbridge’s oldest son, also married a women of Scottish ancestry - which would have been expected if his parents were Scottish. Incidentally, individuals from Scotland are noted to be quite a breed. John William Edie quotes George Washington as saying that if he had an entire army of men from Scotland, he would be able to end the revolution early. This may have been propaganda, but it is commonly known that the Scots were always willing to, and excellent at fighting. They were a group of individuals who were not afraid of too much (the Gordon and Cameron clans were known as excellent fighters). This could explain why many left for Ireland and then the "new world" to seek their fortune. Although this is not the time to explore this, it should be noted that the Scots were also considered a buffer between the German farmers in York and the native Indians beyond the Manor of Maske region.

As mentioned repeatedly, most Scots left both Ireland (and Scotland) for a "better" life economically and one free of religious persecution in the colonies in the early 1700's. In the 1730's many settled in the Marsh Creek area around what is now the Gettysburg, PA region. This area soon became known as the Manor of Maske region although the term "Marsh Creek" settlement is synonymous.4 John Eddy of Woodbridge moved to this region sometime after 1734 when he sold 67 acres of his land in Woodbridge, NJ. He brought with him his youngest children and almost certainly his first wife. Before moving, he gives land to his sons John, Gayon, and James in Woodbridge, NJ.

Pioneers in the Marsh Creek settlement recalled that the reason they had come to this area to settle was in large part in response to what they said was a governor's (the Penn’s) proclamation calling for the settlement of unimproved lands west of the Susquehanna River.5 And they would own their own land and clearly not have to be an indentured servant as mentioned above. So John of Woodbridge moves again to join his brothers and possibly due to the suggestion of the Penns.

A very interesting turn of events in 1741 gives further clue to the type of individuals that came from Scotland: In 1741 Thomas Penn sent a surveyor to survey the Manor of Maske region (which was drained by Marsh Creek and presently represented by the area around Gettysburg, PA). Manors were being created to establish some organization to the area soon to be known as the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. To be sure, surveying land to create a "Manor" would imply that taxation of some sort would be expected of the inhabitants of the Manor. The appearance of a surveyor convinced the settlers that they were being deceived in the same manner that they were deceived in Ireland prior to their move to the colonies. In other words that there was a "catch" to settling there. (John Eddy probably did not live in Ireland as did his brothers prior to settling in the area.)

The surveyor was unable to complete the survey because of resistance from the farmers. The surveyor issued a report that some settlers have "full resolution to kill or cripple me (or whoever else)... shall attempt to" survey the manor. Of the 29 men who were listed as obstructing the survey, three were Eddy's. Namely John Eddy of Woodbridge and two of his sons, John Jr and William.

"SETTLERS AT MARSH CREEK WHO OBSTRUCTED YE SURVEY"

Wm. McLelan John Eddy
Jos. Farris John Eddy jr.
Hugh McCain Edwd Hall
Matw Black Wm Eddy
Jam. McMichill James Wilson
Robt. McFarson James Agnew
Wm. Black John Keen
John Fletcher Jr. John Johnson
James Agnew, Cooper John Hamilton
Henry McDonath Hugh Vogan
John Alexander John McWharter (says he shall
Moses Jenkins move away soon)
Richd Hall Hugh Swainey
Richd Fossett Titus Darby

Adam Hall Thomes Hooswick declared
if ye Chain be spread again
he wou’d stop it and then
took ye Compass from ye
Surv. Gen.

The spelling of the original has been retained. PA, First Series, 1:635. See also Card 363,Counter 712,

Records of the Provincial Council, 1682-1776,Microfilm, Pennsylvania State Archives.

On this official document the Eddy spelling is used. From this document we learn that in 1741 John and at least two of his sons are farming the land in Marsh Creek. William is listed in the EFA 1930 edition as being a son of John of Woodbridge without any further information; as can be seen below, he is listed along with his brother John as being a witness to his father’s will. Did he have his own farm or did he simply work the land with his father? Most likely he had his own farm. We know that John, Jr. had owned land in Marsh Creek when he died as listed in his will. Since he did not get any land in the will from his father it can be assumed that both he and William had their own property.

By the time of John Eddy of Woodbridge's death in 1750 he owned a plantation of at least 200 acres just northwest of the present town of Gettysburg {,6}on a site near where the first shot of the Civil War at Gettysburg would eventually be fired(see above). The Manor of Maske region was indeed a place where many Scotch-Irish immigrants were settling. John Eddy of Woodbridge’s wife Elizabeth Edwards’ mother’s maiden name was Allison. There were numerous Allisons in both Woodbridge, NJ as well as the York (now Adams County) region according to William S. Eddy in the 1930 edition of EFA. Understanding these facts suggests further reasons why John Eddy moved from Woodbridge, NJ to central Pennsylvania to join his brothers and other Scots. The farm land is extraordinary in areas west of the Susquehanna River and it was an area that was supposedly, devoid of Indian conflicts. The Adams County Historical Society of Gettysburg, PA has written extensively about the Manor of Maske region and the early Scotch-Irish that settled the area.

John Eddy of Woodbridge's will shows what he left to his children, his second wife, and his children from his first marriage. The will is probated in York, York County, Pennsylvania. (Later, in 1801 the Marsh Creek area becomes part of Adam’s County, PA). In addition to the will there is a listing of his personal property.

Will of John Eddy of Woodbridge, NJ
In the name of God Amen this 18th Day of September 1750 I John Eddy being weak of Body but of perfect mind and memory blessed be God for it do order this my last will and Testament first of all I my Soul to the hands of God who give it and my body to the dust to be buried in a Christian like and decent mannor at the will of my Executors and as for my worldly possessions I Divide it as following, all my Lawfull debts to be paid first of all as for my Dear and well beloved wife Jenat Eddy alias McColluagh I order her to have her Choice of any two cows she thinks fit to take, and said two Cows to be kept from of all Charges to her, together with her maintenance of the plantation during her widow- hood, and the bound servant at her disposal, with the half of the household furniture, as for my two youngest children Agnus and Alexander Eddy I order each of them thirty pounds corranory to be paid when come of age and my youngest son Alexander to be put to which he thinks file to chigo as for my youngest Daughter Agnus I order her the other half of my household furniture as for my firsts wife children Elles Maryan James Joan Gayon Robert( crossed out on will) John William and, Thomas Eddy I do order Each five Shillings as for my Son Robert Eddy I order him a three year old horse and my body cloas and as for my two sons Samuel and David Eddy I order to them my plantation which I now together with all the remainder of my worldly possesions which remains undivided, I order my two sons Samuel and David to build to thier mother a convinient house at their charges if she demands it I order Walter Buchanan and my son Samuel Eddy to be my Executors to do justice to my children wife and children according to the true intent of this my last will and testament written on this day and date above mentioned

Witness present

William Eddy his mark John Eddy his mark
Walter Buchanan Janet Eddy her mark

A map of the Manor of Maske region, published by the Adams County Historical Society, shows that his plantation lies a few miles northwest of the present town of Gettysburg, PA. As mentioned, and listed above, John Eddy and his sons John Eddy, Jr and William are listed as interfering with the original survey of the Manor of Maske region. Little is known about William however, we know that John Eddy, Jr eventually moves back to NJ to settle in Green Village, Morris County and marry into the Crowel family of NJ. Green Village is a farming community that reminds one of "lowlands".

Samuel Eddy (1732-1809) became known as Samuel Edie and "was a prominent 'countian' who held a number of important Adams' County offices" including Justice of the Peace.7

Filed with John’s will is an inventory of his farm equipment. The original documents are in fair to poor condition.

CHAPTER 3: ORIGIN OF THE VARIOUS SPELLINGS OF THE FAMILY NAME

I have long been interested in the spelling changes to our name. My spelling, Eddey, dates back to at least James Eddey, eldest son of John of Woodbridge in his last will ant testament. Edie is a family belonging to the Gordon Clan in Scotland. The change in spelling from Edie to Eddy was made by scribes in East Jersey. Although there were many other spellings used the one that stuck appeared to be Eddy and Eddey. A spelling used only a short period of time by John of Woodbridge was Adie. The spelling Adie is probably a phonetic equivalent of how the original equivalent of Edie in Gaelic is pronounced. In Gaelic Edie was spelled Adhaimh (Gordon Clan).

The appearance of many spellings was not unusual in an era when few could read or write. But how did the extra 'e' get placed in the last name, Eddey? By whom did this spelling start? [Eddey is different than Eddye which is used by the English Eddy’s.] A question that can be asked is: Does understanding the spelling change contribute to understanding the genealogy? And also, does the spelling change suggest that there was an intended pronunciation of the name away from what was commonly used. In English, the spelling Edie would be pronounced "EEEdee". However the Scots would pronounce it much differently, hence the early spellings Adie. According to Ronald MacDonald Douglas, in his book, The Scots Book, (Chambers) Bracken Books; 1949-1995, the surname Edie in Gaelic is MacAdhaimh. (The term Mac means son of.) I suspect then that the new spelling Eddy or Eddey is a better spelling as it uses the softer pronunciation of Eddey. Does eddey rhyme with hey as in ‘hey you’?

I first thought that it was William Eddey, son of James (Grandson of John Eddy of Woodbridge), who began using the "Eddey" spelling (NY census records).8 William moved from Woodbridge, where he inherited some land from his father, James9 to Woodrow, Staten Island where he had a small (22 acre?) farm. William was one of the first descendents of John of Woodbridge, to marry outside the Scotish Clans. William's sons, including Andrew, continued this tradition of spelling the name with the extra ‘e’ but, oddly, only half of Andrew's children continued to use the "Eddey" spelling - the other half using the "Eddy" spelling. As mentioned before, none of his children remaining in the northeast used the Edie spelling.

However, the will of James Eddey, eldest son of John of Woodbridge and William’s father, used this spelling also. This spelling then must have its roots early in the move to the colonies.

In the St. Andrews Episcopal Church in Historic Rishmond town, Staten Island, there is a cemetery that surrounds the church. In this graveyard there are many gravestones with the names Poillon, DuBois, and Eddey. Of interest is that John Eddey, brother of Andrew who is the son of William, is buried there alongside his son. Both markers use the EDDEY spelling! This John has a son named Samuel who reverts back to the Eddy spelling as an adult and moves to Morristown NJ where he builds a huge mansion on Speedwell Avenue during the Gilded age. In another part of this cemetery, are three graves of Eddey’s that all use the spelling EDDEY. Andrew’s brother William and his wife Susannah are two of the stones. So clearly, in 1828 the name was spelled EDDEY not EDDY in our line for those who stayed in NJ or Staten Island. Also, William who married Catherine DuBois (father of Andrew) is listed in the 1790 census as spelling the name with the extra "e" as well.

A question that this raises is why??? Did James and William know about the confusion with the English line of Eddy's. Was the addition of the extra e help to be distinguished from them? Or was it the scribes addition and thus having little significance or were they interested in preserving a different type of pronunciation for the name that might accurately reflect the Scottish ancestry? Difficult to answer but I believe that the spelling changes reflected the pronunciation differences of the Scots language and the extra e made it phonetically better than Edie or Eddy. I also believe that there were some Eddy’s who believed they were descended from the English line of Eddy’s as is documented by the EFA.

It is interesting that William Simonson Eddy (and his father, Alfred - another son of Andrew), used the Eddy spelling and we know that he was intent on proving that the Massachusetts and NJ lines were related(see EFA supplement #45) Alfred's older brother, Carnes (my great, great grandfather), used the Eddey spelling. Those in the family who continued to use the Eddey spelling must have been very close as they all were buried very close together in the small cemetery located on the grounds of the Woodrow Methodist Church in Woodrow, SI. Family lore in my family has it that the extra ‘e’ was added to distinguish it from at least one of the English Eddys (Mary Baker Eddy).

In this cemetery of the Woodrow Methodist Church in Woodrow Staten Island are the graves of three of my direct descendents. William [son of James who was the eldest son of John of Woodbridge] , his son Andrew, and Andrew's son, Carnes Eddey. All three graves are next to each other, two have similar looking markers and as mentioned, use the same spelling. On the other hand, Alfred (son of Andrew and brother of Carnes) and his son William Simonson Eddy are buried in the Moravian Cemetery in Richmond, SI, and they spell their name Eddy.

{I should mention that Carnes Eddey helped build the iron clad ship the Monitor during the Civil War. He also had a 50 acre summer place in Randolph, NJ but he will eventually get a chapter.}

CHAPTER 4: JAMES EDDEY - ELDEST SON OF JOHN OF WOODBRIDGE

James’ will located in the NJ will section in Trenton clearly spells his name with the extra e. See footnote 8 for the text and the exact spellings.

James Eddy, son of John, inherited land from his father in Woodbridge and died there. He and his wife are buried in the old Presbyterian Church burial ground (near the train station) in Metuchen, NJ. He is thought to have been a farmer in his early years, but then became a town official (like his youngest brother Samuel did in the Marsh Creek settlement) later on. His wife was from Scotland, as was his mother in law. The Scottish connections are quite strong. They were members of the Upper Presbyterian church in Woodbridge. William Simonson Eddy states at one point that they were Quakers!

John William Edie writes in his genealogy (without references however) that James Eddy had frequent contact with the Edies living in the Marsh Creek settlement in PA. James is listed several times in the book "Woodbridge and Vicinity; The Story of a New Jersey Township", by Rev Joseph W. Dally. He is a moderator for the Freeholders’ meetings. He is listed as keeping the records when the clerk, T. Gage dies. The only other item known about James is that he was a private in the Revolutionary War. He is listed on the DAR burial plaque in the burial ground in Metuchen, NJ as being a private in the Middlesex County Militia.

We do not have much information about his wife, Mary Gach except that she has 11 children and is thought to be a Quaker by William Simonson Eddy. John of Woodbridge has 12 children, 10 from Elizabeth his first wife and two from Janet his second wife. Mary’s mothers maiden name is Bloodgood. There are many Bloodgoods buried where she is buried.

CHAPTER 5: MERIAM (Maryan) EDDY : Second oldest daughter of John of Woodbridge

Meriam Eddy, second daughter of John Eddy and Elizabeth Edwards of Woodbridge, New Jersey, was born in Woodbridge, New Jersey Jan. 29, 1708. She married Elias Stillwell, of English extraction, who was born in NJ in 1708 and died near Hancock, Maryland. Meriam survived her husband and died at the same place, Oct. 19, 1803, aged 95 years. Both are buried in the Tonoloway Baptist Cemetery, near Hancock, Maryland.

After marriage, Meriam moves with her husband to Maryland. They think that it is in Maryland but are surprised to find out that when the Mason Dixon Line is marked, they are north of the border. Meriam is not that far away from her father and her youngest brothers who make up some of the settlers of the Marsh Creek Area. It is very important to point out that even though they move from NJ, they are actually moving close to some of her family. A quick look at a Maryland map demonstrates the Marsh Creek Settlement being less than 100 miles from Hancock, Maryland. And the Marsh Creek settlement borders Frederick County. Also in the same settlement is her younger brother, Gavin! Her husband, Elias Stillwell, was one of the organizers of the Tonoloway Baptist Church which was built in 1752 (and was baptized there in 1753 by the Rev. Samuel Heaton.)

Both Meriam and her husband’s tombstones were standing in the church graveyard as of 1938. The epitaph on Meriam's headstone reads (read) as follows: 'My loving mate I did survive, and, true, my age was great, I lived the years of ninety-five, but here, behold my fate.' Her marker is classic for the time period.

FROM THE HEADY FAMILY NEWSLETTER: Elias Stillwell and his wife Meriam Eddy moved after their marriage in Woodbridge to what is now known as Frederick County, Maryland and from there to the farm near Hancock, Md., known as the 'Green Valley Farm'. It is assumed that he farms in Frederick County before they move 75 miles west to Hancock, Maryland. There is a story that he thinks he was buying a farm in Maryland, but when the Mason-Dixon line was established, his farm proved to be in Penn. Was this his first or second farm?

At one point he decides to leave Frederick County and travels on horse-back hunting water and a good farm. The field known as the 'Island Field' was the site of an Indian village. They were friendly and he bought them out with blankets and a few trinkets. They went away and gave him possession. There is a family legend that each year for many years, the Indians returned to this site to honor their dead, and that Elias Stillwell gave them a steer for the festivities.

He built a cabin, planted some corn, and that same year, 1746, returned to Frederick county and brought his family to their new home. Very soon after he built the house, still in use (1938). During the French and Indian War, he and his family had to flee back to Fort Frederick, which was built about that time to protect the settlers (1755-1757)

As an aside, on January 12th 1756, Catherine Stillwell, wife of Richard Stillwell, a nephew of said Elias Stillwell, was killed and scalped by the Indians, together with one child. Two of her other children were carried away, one eight and the other 3 years old. Her husband, Richard, escaped and got into Coombe Fort. Elias Stillwell lost 7 horses, a mare and two cows, taken by the Indians the same time.

After the French and Indian conflict is over, Elias Stillwell took out a patent for land from the United States (sic), said land being on Konolawa Creek and was called 'Diable de Boiteaux' which means Devil on Crutches. In 1762 Elias Stillwell patented 150 acres of land on Big Cove Creek, about 5 miles north of the Potomac River, for which he paid $110. In 1767 he patented 300 acres at the same place. Konolowa was later spelled Conoloway, and now, Tonoloway." The Potomac River runs just south of Hancock.

(This chapter was contributed by Ruth Hoggatt who obtained it from the Heady Family Newsletters.)

CHAPTER 6: GAYON OR GAVIN EDDY, THIRD OLDEST SON OF JOHN OF WOODBRIDGE

The following was taken from the Heady Family Newsletter. It is included in this document because it provides some information on Gavin, the third oldest son of John of Woodbridge.

"The stream now known as Tonoloway Creek, but called 'Konolawa' by the Indians living along its bank and 'The Conolloways' by the white settlers, follows a meandering course through the southern part of present Foulton (sic) county, Pennsylvania, crossing the boundary line into Maryland about three miles before it joins the Potomac at a point just below that river's northernmost bend. The Big and Little Tonoloway Settlements lay about five miles north of the Potomac along branches of Tonoloway Creek and immediately west of the large and small basins named, respectively, the Great (Big) Cove and Little Cove. These settlements had been founded by a few Scotch-Irish immigrants, at least one Welch family (that of Evan Shelby), and a band of Monmouth and Middlesex county, New Jersey families, which included those of Moses Graham, William Linn, Joseph Warford, Adam Stiger, John Melott, Benjamin Truas, Elias, Richard, Jeremiah Stillwell, Thomas Heady, GAVIN EDDY, Samuel Hedden, the Coombs, Belieus, Applegates and, no doubt, others. Whether the Monmouth and Middlesex county families came as a unit or over a period of several years, is not known, but they were all there by 1765 or earlier.

The precise date of the first settlement on the Tonoloways is difficult to establish. Some historians claim that settlers arrived as early as 1731, but others assert that 1741 was a more realistic date. The STILLWELL FAMILY HISTORY states that one source places Elias Stillwell, husband of Meriam Eddy and the older brother of Gavin Eddy, on the Tonoloways as early as 1735. Although that seems a bit early to us, other families can be proved to have been in the area by that time, so it may be true that he was there that early. The settlers purchased the land on which they settled from the Indians, and reportedly, had little trouble with them until 1750, in which year the Indians appealed to the proprietory government of Pennsylvania for the return of their lands, alledging they had been defrauded by a few trinkets and other items of little value, and drawing attention to the fact that settlement west of the Kittantinny mountains was a violation of the treaty in effect at that time. At length, the Pennsylvania authorities responded by sending out magistrates, accompanied by troops, to drive the settlers off their lands in the Great Cove. Most of the settlers pleaded guilty of settling on unpurchased lands, paid their fines and returned to their lands as soon as the magistrates left. Since the Little Cove and the Big and Little Tonoloways were on the borders of Maryland 'the magistrates declined going there, and departed for their homes.'

After Braddock's defeat at Pittsburg in 1755, the Indians began raiding throughout the frontiers. They revenged themselves on the Great Cove on the first of Nov 1755, and raided the Tonoloways on the 28th of January 1756. According to the PENNSYLVANIA GAZETTE issue of Feb. 12, 1756, 'they killed and scalped James Leaton, Catherine Stillwell and one of her children were killed and scalped, and two others carried off; one about eight, the other three years old. Her husband was at a neighbor's house when his wife was attacked and from thence got into Coom's fort'. Catherine Stillwell was the wife of Richard Stillwell. There was also a great loss of cattle, and horses and many houses were burned.

Apparently, about this time there was some attempt by Maryland, as well, to drive the settlers off the Tonoloways. A petition dated Sept. 29, 1755, was sent to Governor Morris from the settlers setting forth that 'these few lines to inform you we are very much imposed upon by ye Sherfe of frederick county in meryland in Comeing to take our Lands from us by a Maryland Right which we have had surveyed

by Mr. William Lyon Surveyor under Mr John Armstrong surveyor for Cumberland County in pensylvania Last Spring....said Sherive peter butler has got surveyed by bringing a Captain and a parcel of souldars to Gard him while he was so doing....Threats were made by him that in two or three weeks he would come back and take all the land from the Forks of Tonolaways Crick down to ye mouth thereof, and all goods, chattels, horses, or anything he could find.'

The scanty Baptist church records are the best records we have of the members of the Tonoloway Settlement. Adjacent to the property then owned by ELIAS STILLWELL is the old Tonoloway Baptist Church which was attended by most of the settlers of British extraction and some others. Although the tombstones in its churchyard are its only extant records, they are often the means of connecting the pioneers buried there with their past. Unfortunately for us, there are no Heady stones, but many of the Stillwells and Truaxs still stand. Thus in their desire for freedom, privacy and an autogenous government, the settlers left few records of their early settlement along the Tonoloways. Once the Mason-Dixon line was established and the settlers were sure to which state they belonged, it became desirable for them to insure their claims to the land they had occupied for ten to thirty years. From the beginning 'with the exception of a brief interval from 1761 to 1768, the system of obtaining title to land in Pennsylvania was by warrant. Under this system the land applied for must be paid in advance, which, even at the low price of land, many were not able to do. To meet this difficulty and to encourage rapid settlement and improvement, the proprietaries, in 1761, established a system of taking land on 'application' by which land was sold on indefinite credit, the purchase money running at low rate of interest, and to be a lien on the land. This system remained in vogue until 1769' and under it Thomas Heady and most of the other settlers obtained title to the land they occupied. That accounts for the fact that the warreant and patent were not issued on Thomas Heady's 117 acres until it fell into the hands of William Bishop and Bishop, in 1836, paid $26.00 to Pennsylvania for the purchase and interest."

CHAPTER 7: WILLIAM EDDEY AND SON, ANDREW: LIFE ON STATEN ISLAND

James’ will outlines who gets what land in Woodbridge. One of James' sons, William inherits land but moves to Woodrow, Staten Island sometime during or after the revolutionary war. Was he captured as a spy or simply detained by the British on Staten Island as is the lore that is passed down from family to family as recorded in the EF in A genealogy by William S. Eddy? Or did he move there because he fell in love with a French women from the Southwestern tip of Staten Island? The trip from Woodbridge, NJ to Tottenville, Staten Island is only a short ferry ride away. The total distance would be three or four miles as the crow flies. These questions can never be answered however, it is clear that his move to Staten Island does change his life. Firstly, he marries a French women from the large French Huguenot population on the Island at the time. Her name is Catherine Du Bois born Jan 1761 and dies at Woodrow, Staten Island in 1833. He marries a non Scottish women,{not an easy thing to do to marry outside the strong tradition of marrying within Scottish clans.} However, both the Scots and the Huguenots have a lot in common. He also becomes a Methodist. He does this probably due to the lack of suitable Presbyterian church on Staten Island and because during this time period the Presbyterian Church experiences some internal growth problems. It is clear that he does not join the Episcopal church although some of his children who dies young is buried in the Episcopalian Church yard in Old Town. The spelling of the name on that stone is actually EDDEY. This is consistent with the spelling of EDDEY on James Eddey’s will ( father of William).

By the way, William’s middle son, Andrew also marries into a French Huguenot family on Staten Island. He marries a Catherine Poillon, who was descended from a wealthy and intellectual French family. Her family also left Europe for the colonies, mostly New Rochelle, New York and Staten Island because of religious persecution. William and his wife and their children were Methodists who were somewhat freer in their beliefs than were the Presbyterians. It appears that quite a bond develops between the Calvinists from Scotland and those from France.

The Staten Island Historical Society has an old map of the island that has the location of William’s and Andrew’s and their spouses family farms on them. This map is huge and cannot be copied.

Andrew is an interesting and respected member of the SI community. See EFA book for more information. Later, Andrews eldest son Carnes marries a German women; was she descended from a Calvinist religious background also?

[Carnes youngest son, George Washington Eddey marries into the Ball family on Block Island, a family descended from the original settlers of the Island who were from England. George W. Eddey’s oldest son Erwin C. Eddey marries an Italian? women. They have two children, the youngest of whom was my father, Erwin C. Eddey, Jr. who marries Emma Bogart whose family is originally from the Netherlands. Gary Erwin Eddey the fourth child of Erwin and Emma marries Ilene Nevin whose parents are from Germany and Russia. Now what all this has to do with spelling changes, I do not know, but I thought you would be interested in the story. (It makes me think that we should start a society of individuals who can claim to be descended from individuals of at least 7 different nationalities.)]

We have explored the connection between Woodbridge and Marsh Creek. What is the connection between Woodbridge and Morristown, NJ? If one looks at old maps of the Jersey’s one finds that the three major roads out of Woodbridge go north, south, and one goes northwest directly to Morristown via Springfield. Green Village, parts of Mendham, Randolph and surrounding areas have fertile land for farming. There appears to be much travel between the two areas of NJ. Even the minister of the Presbyterian Church in Woodbridge moves there to lead the Mendham Presbyterian church. Eddy’s spend time farming the NJ area over a time span of about two hundred years. Alfred Eddy, William Simonson Eddy’s father, also farmed land in Mendham and Morris Township. The last Eddey who farmed the land in Center Grove, Randolph, NJ was the youngest brother of Carnes, George W. Eddy. George W. Eddy is listed in the History of Morris County as buying a farm from a D. Carrell in the Center Grove region of Randolph, NJ. After his wife and son die, he moves to South Carolina to live with his older brother Henry. And by the way, Carnes’ first cousin Samuel Eddy is a wealthy landowner real estate developer who lived in Morristown, NJ during the Gilded age. Samuel is buried with his family in the Morristown Cemetery and his huge, victorian house is still standing in Morristown NJ. Gary and Ilene Eddey make Morristown their home as of 1988.

CHAPTER 7: THE FOUR EDDEY BROTHERS (SONS OF ANDREW) OF THE 19TH CENTURY

As a whimsy, it is interesting to draw comparisons between the four sons of Andrew and Catherine AND the four sons (and Daughter) of Erwin and Emma. Each sibling cohort lived in the mid to late 19th or 20th century. The first sibling cohort lived in an era of change - the change from an agrarian society to a manufacturing economy or society. The second sibling cohort lived in an ear of change- the change from a manufacturing society to a service economy.

Of the 19th century brothers, two lived in NYC, Carnes and Alfred.
Of the 20th century brothers, two lived in NYC, Roy and Gary (and Beth).
Of the 19th century brothers, two lived in Morris County, Alfred and George W.
Of the 20th century brothers, two lived in Morris County, George C. and Gary.
Of the 19th century brothers, one made his home in the south, William Henry.
Of the 20th century brothers, one made his home in the south, Erwin (Wynn).
Of the 19th century brothers, one had a summer home, Carnes in Randolph, NJ.
Of the 20th century brothers, one had a summer home, Roy in Bellport, LI.
Of the 19th century brothers, one lived both in NYC and Morris Township, Alfred.
Of the 20th century brothers, one lived both in NYC and Morris Township, Gary.
Of the 19th century brothers, one was divorced, Alfred.
Of the 20th century brothers, one was divorced, Erwin.
Of the 19th century brothers, one had a Grandson who became a US congressman.
Of the ....

Other items of interest: Aunt Evelyn lived near the summer homes of two of the 19th century brothers, Carnes and George.
Two of the 19th Century brothers were farmers, Alfred and George and possibly Henry.
One of the 20th Century brothers lived in Freehold, the site of one of the earliest Scottish settlements in NJ and possibly where John of Woodbridge’s wife lived.

CHAPTER 10: George Washington Eddey, Youngest son of Carnes.

George Washington Eddey was born in Brooklyn? After some trouble deciding what he wanted to do he moves to Block Island (BI) where he begins his career with the US Weather Bureau known then as the Signal Service, a part of the US Army. He eventually marries in to the Ball family (marries two sisters Lillie and then Nellie after Lillie dies) of Block Island, has three children with Lillie on Block Island, moves away for a while and then returns to finish his career, retire, and then die there. He is buried in the BI Cemetery. He did live in Brooklyn, Green Bay, Wisconsin and Abeline, Texas before returning to BI to be the Weatherman for the Island in the 1912 -1920 range. He has weather related records in the National Archives in Washington DC. We have copies of his signature and he always spells his name "Geo. Eddey" in a very nice handwriting style.

I want to start his story, however, as a young teenager in Staten Island/Brooklyn. I will take some liberty in telling this story and let you know from the start that this may in fact not be entirely accurate (as if there are not any other inaccuracies in this document!) His older sister, Catherine has by this time married a Judge who works for the court system in NYC. He works in the area of commerce and is aware of the changes needed in an expanding weather service that the US Army Signal Service is about to embark on. Thus he heads off to Block Island to find his fate. Before Staten Island was built up, it had a strange resemblance to Block Island. Even now one can appreciate the similarities if one is on an undeveloped part of SI. For example, when one stands in the cemetery of the Woodrow Methodist Church where George Washington Eddey’s father, Carnes and his Grandfather Andrew is buried, you can sense a remarkable similarity to Block Island. That of course is true if there is no traffic on Woodrow Avenue and the noise from the neighborhoods is not present and there is a beautiful sky overhead with an ocean breeze blowing in. Anyway it is not too much of a stretch to think that the islands were similar and in a sense Geo. was heading to a very familiar place--at least in the summer when the winter winds and the fall nor’easters were not blowing in.

CHAPTER 11: Reflections on the national origins of one 20th Century Eddey clan The children of Ilene and Gary Eddey are the descendants of at least seven different nationalities, over a two hundred and fifty year time span. The United States is one of only a few countries where this would be possible. These countries of origin include: Scotland, France, Germany, The Netherlands, England, Italy, Switzerland, and Russia. Certainly, this type of diversity mixes up the gene pool and I suppose should have some evolutionary effect. But even with the diversity, there are large amounts of things such as behaviors that must be passed down from generation to generation. How close are we in temperament, in behaviors, in intellectual curiosity, in competitiveness as our ancestors? I think that genealogy becomes fascinating only when one can try to paint the picture of what those characteristics were using only the briefest of hints available to us. Is there room for an organization made up of individuals descended from numerous backgrounds?

Submitted by Gary E. Eddey. Morristown, NJ. [To be continued]

So from Mac Adhaimh to Edie to Adie to Eddy and Eddey. (Clan Gordon)

1 I have been in contact with Mrs. Mary P. Walter, the York County Archivist, York, PA to have the will preserved (deacidified and strengthened). As of June 1998 she has agreed to help arrange for the preservation... If I pay for it which I have agreed to do.

2 The Edie Family. John William Edie and Associated Families. Pub privately for the author by Wallace Pischel Printing Co. Marceline, Missouri.3 Many of the descendents moved to Staten Island and Morris County, NJ (where I now live).4 The Manor of Maske: Its history and individual properties. (1992) Adams County Historical Society, Gettysburg, PA.

5 Manor of Maske: Its history and individual properties. (1992) pg. 9.6 Manor of Maske. Map of individual properties (1992) Adams County Historical Society.7 Personel Communication: Charles Glatfelter, Dir. Adams County Historical Society, Gettysburg, PA.8 New York State Census records for 1790.9 Eddy Family in America. Published by the Eddy Family Association, Eddyville, MA. Page 1083, (1930).3:43 PM

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By email of 22 Aug 2006, Gary Eddey adds the following additional information:

Hi Joe:

I have read your data on your web site and I am quite impressed. You are careful to distinguish fact from fiction and your attention to detail and a quest for honest fact is evident in the way you write. If I lived in California I would certainly ask you to be my lawyer!

One of the methods, as you know, of determining lineage in situations where no records are to be found is to compare family names. Joeseph is not a name that appears frequently, or at all, in the known descendants of John Eddy of Woodbridge. In fact, I do not think it is used in any family known to be descended from John Eddy of Woodbridge until after the Civil War and that name is most certainly from the Mother's side of the family. In John Eddy's lines the same names repeat themselves over and over again. So although this is by no means proof, it does suggest that your Joseph Eddy or Edie or ?, is not related to my John Eddy of Woodbridge.

As far as I can tell, John Eddy or Woodbridge appears to have come over as an indentured servant to Perth Amboy or Woodbridge New Jersey before 1700. He may have worked with an English Family, the Gages or Gach's. He, as is outlined in my piece that you have downloaded to your site, sells some of his property to one of his son's, James, in Woodbridge and moves to the Marsh Creek settlement in the 1730's. Is he related to the Edie's of the same area? Certainly, in the document that I reference from the Archives of Pennsylvania, no Edies are present, but that doesn't say much.

I, at this time remain confused as to parentage of John of Woodbridge and the extent of the relationship to the Edies of Marsh Creek or the Manor of Maske region of York, now Adams, Counties, PA.

Later,

Gary

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